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/**
 * Atomic BOM Production: Deduct Raw Materials & Yield Finished Goods
 */
public function executeProductionBatch(Recipe $bom, int $unitsToProduce, int $warehouseId): ProductionResult
{
    return DB::transaction(function () use ($bom, $unitsToProduce, $warehouseId) {
        // 1. Validate sufficient raw material reserves across BOM requirements
        foreach ($bom->items as $item) {
            $requiredQuantity = $item->quantity_per_unit * $unitsToProduce;
            $stock = StockLedger::where('item_id', $item->raw_item_id)
                ->where('warehouse_id', $warehouseId)
                ->lockForUpdate()
                ->firstOrFail();

            if ($stock->available_quantity < $requiredQuantity) {
                throw new InsufficientRawStockException("Insufficient {$item->raw_item->name}");
            }

            // Deduct raw materials atomically
            $stock->decrement('available_quantity', $requiredQuantity);
            StockLog::record($item->raw_item_id, -$requiredQuantity, 'BOM_PRODUCTION_CONSUMPTION');
        }

        // 2. Increment finished goods inventory batch in target warehouse
        $finishedStock = StockLedger::firstOrCreate([
            'item_id' => $bom->finished_product_id,
            'warehouse_id' => $warehouseId,
        ]);
        $finishedStock->increment('available_quantity', $unitsToProduce);

        // 3. Record audit trail for financial compliance
        ActivityLog::log(auth()->id(), 'PRODUCTION', "Produced {$unitsToProduce} units of {$bom->finished_product->name}");

        return new ProductionResult($bom, $unitsToProduce, true);
    });
}